Knee Swelling and Joint Effusion (excess fluid inside or surrounding the joint capsule)

An effusion means that excess fluid has accumulated within the knee joint.

There are many potential causes, including osteoarthritis, injury and inflammatory conditions.

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Targeted Interventions

A significantly swollen knee may sometimes benefit from aspiration, where fluid is removed from the joint using a needle, which can reduce pressure and discomfort.

An steroid injection may sometimes be performed following aspiration where this is clinically appropriate.

However, it is important to establish why the knee is swollen. A knee that becomes suddenly very painful, hot and swollen, particularly if you feel unwell or have a fever, requires prompt medical assessment.

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Medical Resource: 

For further clinical guidelines on knee swelling and pain, view the official NHS Knee Pain Guide

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